Long COVID — GP Clinical Guide: MBS Items, Assessment & Referral

📋 Sources: WHO Post-COVID-19 condition definition (ICD-11 RA02), October 2021. RACGP — racgp.org.au ↗. MBS Online — items 965, 967, 2715, 2717, 10950–10970, 11506, 11503 — mbsonline.gov.au ↗. Services Australia Better Access. Fatigue Severity Scale — Krupp LB et al. Arch Neurol 1989. State long COVID clinic contacts above. Clinical decisions are yours as the treating practitioner. Apply clinical judgement and consult current RACGP guidance. Verified August 2026.
Home Clinicians COVID-19 Long COVID — GP guide
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Long COVID — GP Clinical Guide
MBS items, care plan vs mental health plan decision, assessment tools, referral pathways, and documentation.
MBS July 2026 Clinicians AU RACGP · WHO ICD-11 · Services Australia
📋 No specific MBS item exists for long COVID. Management uses existing items — GPCCMP (965), MHTP, Better Access, specialist referrals, spirometry, and pathology. The key clinical decision is which care plan pathway applies.

WHO definition (ICD-11 RA02)

Post-COVID-19 condition: symptoms occurring 3+ months after confirmed or probable SARS-CoV-2 infection, lasting 2+ months, not explained by an alternative diagnosis. Fatigue, cognitive impairment, and breathlessness are the most common features. WHO Oct 2021 · ICD-11 RA02

⚠️ Exclusion first. Before attributing symptoms to long COVID, exclude: anaemia, thyroid dysfunction, iron deficiency, cardiac disease, depression, sleep disorder, and other chronic conditions. Document your differential and investigations. RACGP

MBS items — what to use

All fees MBS Book, July 2026 edition — verified August 2026. MBS Book July 2026

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Consultations: Item 23 ($45.05), 36 ($87.10), 44 ($128.35) — bill based on time and complexity. Long COVID consultations often warrant item 44 (prolonged, >40 min) given history-taking, care planning, and coordination required.
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GPCCMP (item 965) — $160.60: Core item for long COVID management if symptoms are chronic (lasting or expected to last 6+ months). Provides up to 5 individual allied health services per calendar year under items 10950–10970 (e.g. 10954 dietetics, 10956 mental health, 10958 physiotherapy, 10960 psychology, 10951 diabetes education) — see the allied health MBS item picker for the full breakdown. Can include physio, exercise physiology, OT, dietitian, speech pathology. No specific condition list — document clinical justification. MBS Book July 2026
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GPCCMP review (item 967) — $160.60: Review the plan as often as clinically needed. Reassess goals, allied health referrals, and whether additional specialist input is required. Document outcomes.
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Mental Health Treatment Plan (MHTP) — items 2700/2701/2715/2717: For long COVID with significant anxiety, depression, or cognitive symptoms. Provides up to 10 Better Access psychology sessions per calendar year. Item 2715 ($108.95, ≥20–39 min) or 2717 ($160.50, ≥40 min) if you have completed Mental Health Skills Training; otherwise 2700 ($85.80) or 2701 ($126.35). Can be held alongside a GPCCMP. MBS Book July 2026
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Spirometry (item 11506 — $24.60): For persistent breathlessness. Documents airflow limitation and baseline for monitoring. Item 11503 ($165.95) is the more complex respiratory lab measurement, performed under specialist supervision — generally not ordered by GP for long COVID screening. MBS Book July 2026
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Pathology — bulk billed via GP request: FBC, iron studies, thyroid (TSH), fasting glucose, renal/liver function, CRP/ESR, B12, Vitamin D. Document clinical justification. Repeat as needed for monitoring.
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ECG — in-room: For cardiac symptoms (palpitations, chest pain). No separate MBS item needed — covered as part of the consultation.

GPCCMP vs MHTP — which applies?

Both can be active simultaneously. The question is whether the primary presentation is physical or mental health.

GPCCMP (965) for the physical symptoms cluster — fatigue, breathlessness, pain, cognitive impairment — with allied health referrals. AND
MHTP for anxiety, depression, mood, or cognitive/psychological symptoms. Both can coexist in the same patient. Document separately.
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Can be billed at the same consultation as the main consultation item. Document the time spent on each plan. MBS rules — GPCCMP and MHTP same-day billing permitted

Validated assessment tools — interactive

Tap a domain to see the recommended tool and how to use it in practice.

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Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) — 9 items, scored 1–7: Score ≥36 indicates significant fatigue. Original validation: Krupp LB et al, Arch Neurol 1989. Free, validated, widely used for post-viral fatigue. Document baseline score at each review. PubMed PMID 2803071 ↗
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Post-exertional malaise (PEM) screening: Ask specifically — “Do symptoms worsen significantly after physical or mental exertion, even mild activity?” PEM is a hallmark of ME/CFS and influences management (graded exercise must be used cautiously if PEM is present). RACGP ME/CFS guidance

Referral pathways — when and to whom

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Respiratory physician: Persistent breathlessness, abnormal spirometry, oxygen desaturation, or suspected pulmonary fibrosis. Include spirometry results and exercise tolerance in referral.
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Cardiologist: Palpitations, POTS (postural tachycardia — HR rise ≥30 bpm on standing), chest pain, or abnormal ECG. Include lying/standing HR measurements in referral letter.
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Neurologist: Severe or progressive cognitive impairment, neuropathy, or new neurological signs. RACGP
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Rheumatologist: Joint inflammation, autoimmune features, or elevated inflammatory markers not explained by another condition.
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Exercise physiologist (via GPCCMP): For fatigue management, pacing strategies, and careful graduated return to activity. Especially useful if PEM is present — unguided exercise can worsen PEM. Specify PEM status in referral. Source: RACGP ME/CFS guidance
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Occupational therapist (via GPCCMP): Cognitive rehabilitation, work reintegration, pacing and energy management strategies. Specify cognitive and functional domains affected.
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Long COVID clinic (VIC/NSW/QLD): For complex multi-system presentation. Accessed via GP referral. VIC ↗ · NSW ↗ · QLD ↗
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Clinical trials: Active long COVID trials are recruiting in Australia. If standard management is not improving symptoms, discuss trial eligibility with the patient. Search: australianclinicaltrials.gov.au ↗ — 40+ studies in PubMed as of April 2026. PubMed Apr 2026

Documentation — what to record

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COVID infection history: Date of infection, severity, vaccination status at time of infection, variant if known.
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Symptom timeline: Onset, progression, functional impact, any partial recovery periods. Use a validated scale (FSS, K10, MRC dyspnoea scale) and record the score.
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Investigations: Document what was done and why, and the results. Record that common differentials have been considered and excluded.
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Care plan documentation: Record treatment goals, allied health referrals, review schedule. GPCCMP must be in writing and available to the patient.
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Work capacity: If the patient is working or has work-related impacts, document this clearly — may be relevant for WorkCover, insurance, or NDIS.
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