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Pregnancy Care in Australia

How antenatal care works under Medicare — public vs private vs shared care, what's covered, and what to expect at each stage. Plain-English guide, not medical advice.

🇦🇺 AustraliaPregnancy Birth & Baby · Health.gov.au
For clinicians: Pregnancy wheel + MBS triggers reference →
⚠️ This page explains the system, not your care plan. Your GP, midwife or obstetrician decides which tests and timings apply to you. If anything changes — bleeding, severe pain, reduced fetal movements, severe headache or visual changes — contact your provider or maternity unit straight away.

Work out how far along you are

Enter the first day of your last period or the date and gestational age from a dating ultrasound. You’ll see your current week and estimated due date (EDD).

This is the calendar-based estimate. Ultrasound dating is more accurate — if you have a scan result, use the other tab.

Use the gestational age from your scan report (often shown as e.g. “12+3”).

What tests & visits happen, and when

Standard schedule in Australia. YOU ARE HERE shows the week you’re in (once you’ve entered dating above).

This is the typical schedule for low-risk pregnancies. Higher-risk pregnancies may have extra scans, blood tests or specialist visits — your care team will explain anything specific to you.

Choosing your care model

In Australia you have several options for who looks after you during pregnancy and at the birth. None is “better” — each suits different situations, budgets and preferences.

Public hospital (midwife-led or team)

You attend a public maternity clinic for most visits; birth at the public hospital. May be team midwifery, midwife-led continuity, or doctor-led depending on risk.

Free with Medicare

GP shared care

Most of your antenatal visits are with your GP; you still book in at a hospital for delivery. Works well if you have a GP you trust and want to stay local for visits.

Free or low cost

Private obstetrician

The obstetrician sees you throughout pregnancy and delivers your baby in a private hospital. Continuity with one doctor; out-of-pocket costs apply.

Significant out-of-pocket

Private midwife

A private midwife provides continuity through pregnancy, birth (home or hospital) and postnatal care. Some Medicare rebate available; significant fees.

Out-of-pocket varies
How to choose?

Cost matters most? Public hospital or GP shared care — bulk-billed and minimal out-of-pocket.

Want continuity with one person? Midwife-led continuity programs (public, free, limited spots) or private midwife / private obstetrician.

Higher-risk pregnancy? Most public hospitals have specialist clinics; private obstetricians manage high-risk too.

You can switch models if circumstances change. Talk to your GP early in pregnancy — they can refer you in either direction.

What costs you (and what doesn't)

GP visits

Bulk-billing depends on the practice, not on being pregnant — pregnancy itself isn’t a Medicare bulk-billing incentive category. Some practices bulk-bill all GP visits, others charge a gap fee — ask when booking. Find bulk-billing GPs near you →

Ultrasounds

Routine pregnancy ultrasounds (dating, NT, morphology) are Medicare-rebated. Most practices have a small out-of-pocket gap (varies by provider — ring ahead). Public hospitals usually do the scans free. More on each scan →

Blood tests

Routine antenatal bloods (full blood count, blood group, antibody screen, infection screen, OGTT) are Medicare-rebated and most labs bulk-bill. NIPT (non-invasive prenatal testing for chromosomal conditions) is not currently Medicare-rebated — expect to pay around $450–550 if you choose it. What NIPT actually checks for ↗

Vaccines

Pertussis (whooping cough), RSV (Abrysvo) and influenza vaccines in pregnancy are free under the National Immunisation Program. Your GP or pharmacy can give them. Full guide to timing and funding ↗

Anti-D injections (if you're Rh-negative)

Provided free through the National Blood Authority. If your blood type is Rh-negative you’ll usually have a dose at 28 and 34 weeks.

Birth & hospital stay

Public hospital — free with Medicare. Private hospital with private obstetrician — can be significant out-of-pocket even with top-level private health insurance. Always get a written estimate from the obstetrician early in pregnancy.

Supplements

Folic acid and iodine are recommended and inexpensive over the counter. See the supplements guide →

Who to ask about what

It can be confusing knowing who handles which question. A rough guide:

Common questions

My due date keeps changing — why?

Calendar-based dating (from your last period) and ultrasound-based dating can differ. Ultrasound dating is more accurate, so if there’s a difference of more than about 5 days in the first trimester, your due date will be updated to match the scan. Once dating is set, it usually stays the same for the rest of the pregnancy.

When should I tell work / my employer?

Personal choice. Many people wait until after the 12-week scan; some tell their employer earlier if symptoms or job safety mean adjustments are needed. Australian law requires you to give 10 weeks’ written notice of your start date for unpaid parental leave; paid parental leave eligibility is via Services Australia.

Can I switch care models?

Yes — especially earlier in pregnancy. If you started with one model and want to change, talk to your GP. Public hospital clinics generally accept transfers from private care up to a point in pregnancy (varies by hospital).

What if I don’t have Medicare?

Pregnancy care for non-Medicare-eligible patients varies by state. Some public hospitals provide pregnancy care under state-funded arrangements. More on healthcare for visitors →

Paid parental leave & Centrelink

Paid Parental Leave is managed by Services Australia. You can claim up to 3 months before your due date. Family Tax Benefit and other family payments also start with the new baby — check servicesaustralia.gov.au/having-baby.

More from AskMyGP

📅
Due Date Calculator
EDD, gestational age, how far along.
💰
Antenatal Cost Planner
Estimate pregnancy and birth costs.
🔊
Pregnancy Ultrasounds
What each scan checks and what to expect.
💉
Vaccines in Pregnancy
Whooping cough, flu, RSV & COVID-19 — what's free and when.
🧪
Gestational Diabetes OGTT Checker
Compare your 75g OGTT results with 2025 ranges.
💊
Pregnancy Supplements
Folate, iodine, iron — what's recommended in AU.
🏥
Find a Bulk-Billing GP
Free GP visits for your antenatal care.
📖
For Clinicians: GA wheel + MBS
The GP-facing reference for your care team.
🧭
Your Pregnancy Journey
All the tools for pregnancy, in one place.
📋 Sources: Pregnancy, Birth and Baby (national maternal-care information service); Australian Government Department of Health — Pregnancy, Birth and Baby; Services Australia — Having a Baby; Australian Immunisation Handbook (vaccines in pregnancy); National Blood Authority (anti-D guidelines). EDD calculator uses Naegele’s rule (LMP + 280 days, assuming a 28-day cycle). Your care team uses ultrasound dating where available.

This page explains the Australian health system for pregnancy care. It is not medical advice. Your GP, midwife or obstetrician decides what tests and care plan apply to you.