🚨 Go to Emergency or call 000 if you have: heavy uncontrolled bleeding, sudden severe pain not relieved by painkillers, fever >38.5°C with chills, chest pain or difficulty breathing, calf swelling or pain (possible blood clot), or cannot pass urine for >8 hours.

The first 24-48 hours — what's normal

✅ Normal

Drowsiness or grogginess for 24 hours

Mild-moderate pain around the wound

Nausea or vomiting once or twice

Sore throat (if breathing tube was used)

Swelling and bruising near the wound

Mild temperature up to 38°C in first 24 hours

Feeling more tired than usual for a few days

Slight oozing from the wound (small amount)

🚨 Not normal — contact your doctor

Heavy bleeding soaking through dressings

Pain getting worse after day 2-3, not better

Fever >38.5°C or chills after 24 hours

Wound becoming red, hot, swollen, or smelly

Pus or cloudy discharge from wound

Unable to keep fluids down for >12 hours

Calf pain, swelling, or redness

Chest pain or shortness of breath

Wound care
🩹Leave the dressing on for the time your surgeon specified (usually 24-48 hours for the first dressing). After that, change as directed — typically every 1-2 days or when soiled. 🚿Showering: Usually OK 24-48 hours after surgery. Let water run over the wound — do not scrub. Pat dry gently. No baths, swimming, or spas until fully healed (2-4 weeks). 🧴Keep it clean and dry. Wash hands before touching the wound or changing dressings. Use saline or clean water if cleaning is needed — not antiseptic unless told to. 🩹Steri-strips (paper tape strips across the wound): leave them on until they fall off naturally (usually 7-10 days). Do not peel them off. ✂️Suture removal: Non-dissolvable stitches are usually removed by your GP or surgeon at 5-14 days depending on location. Book the appointment before you forget — your surgeon will have advised on timing. 🌞Sun protection: Keep the scar out of direct sunlight for 12 months. UV exposure causes scars to darken permanently. Use sunscreen SPF50+ or cover with clothing.
Pain management

Take painkillers regularly for the first 2-3 days — don't wait until the pain is severe. Staying ahead of the pain is easier than chasing it.

Typical post-op pain relief:

1️⃣Paracetamol — 1g (two 500mg tablets) every 4-6 hours. Maximum 4g per day. Safe, effective baseline. 2️⃣Anti-inflammatory (ibuprofen/naproxen) — if not contraindicated (check with your surgeon). Take with food. Reduces swelling and pain. Avoid if you have kidney issues, stomach ulcers, or are on blood thinners. 3️⃣Stronger painkillers (oxycodone, tramadol, codeine) — use only as needed, not routinely. Cause constipation, drowsiness, and nausea. Do not drive while taking these. Aim to stop within 3-5 days and step down to paracetamol.

Ice packs can help reduce swelling — 20 minutes on, 20 minutes off. Wrap in a cloth, not directly on skin. Most useful in the first 48 hours.

Constipation is common after surgery (anaesthetic + opioid painkillers + reduced movement). Drink plenty of water, eat fibre, and take a gentle laxative (e.g. Movicol or Coloxyl) if you haven't opened your bowels within 2 days of surgery.

When can I...?
Activity General guide
Shower24-48 hours. No baths/pools for 2-4 weeks.
DriveNot for 24 hours after any anaesthetic. Then when pain-free, off opioids, and can emergency stop. Usually 1-6 weeks.
Return to workDesk job: 1-2 weeks. Physical job: 2-6 weeks. Your surgeon will advise. You may need a medical certificate.
ExerciseWalking is encouraged from day 1 (prevents blood clots). No heavy lifting, gym, or strenuous exercise for 2-6 weeks.
Lift heavy objectsNothing heavier than a kettle for 2 weeks. Nothing heavier than 5kg for 4-6 weeks (abdominal surgery).
Drink alcoholAvoid for at least 24-48 hours (interacts with anaesthetic and painkillers). Avoid while taking opioids.
Sexual activityWhen comfortable. Typically 1-2 weeks for minor surgery, 4-6 weeks for abdominal/pelvic surgery.
FlyUsually 1-2 weeks for minor surgery. Longer for chest or abdominal surgery. Check with your surgeon — risk of DVT increases with flying after surgery.

These are general guides only. Always follow your surgeon's specific instructions — they know your procedure and your body.

Blood clot prevention

Surgery increases your risk of blood clots (deep vein thrombosis / DVT), especially in the legs. To reduce your risk:

🚶Walk as soon as you can — even short walks around the house. Movement is the best prevention. 🧦Wear compression stockings if provided by the hospital. 💧Stay hydrated — dehydration thickens the blood. 💉Blood thinning injections — you may have been given Clexane (enoxaparin) injections to do at home. Complete the course as prescribed.
⚠ DVT warning signs: Pain, swelling, warmth, or redness in one calf. If you notice these, see a doctor the same day or go to Emergency. If you also have chest pain or difficulty breathing (possible pulmonary embolism), call 000 immediately.

First 24 hours: Start with clear fluids (water, broth, diluted juice). If tolerated, move to light foods (toast, crackers, soup).

After 24 hours: Eat normally as tolerated. Focus on protein (eggs, chicken, fish, legumes) to help healing, fibre to prevent constipation, and fluids (aim for 2 litres/day).

Avoid heavy, greasy, or spicy foods for the first few days if feeling nauseous. If you had abdominal surgery, your surgeon may have specific dietary instructions — follow those.

Before you leave hospital, confirm:

1. Suture removal — when and where (GP or surgeon). Book the appointment now while you remember.

2. Surgeon follow-up — usually 1-2 weeks after surgery to check the wound and discuss pathology results (if tissue was sent).

3. GP visit — your GP will usually receive a discharge summary. Book a visit within 1-2 weeks if you have ongoing medications to manage, need a medical certificate for work, or have questions about your recovery.

4. Pathology results — if tissue was removed and sent for testing, ask when and how you will get results. Do not assume no news is good news — always follow up.

General anaesthetic affects everyone differently. For the first 24 hours:

— You may feel drowsy, confused, or emotional — this is normal and temporary

— Do not drive, operate machinery, or make important decisions

— Do not drink alcohol

— Do not sign legal documents

— Have a responsible adult stay with you overnight

— Sore throat is common (from the breathing tube) — usually resolves in 1-2 days

— Shivering after surgery is common and not dangerous

Most people feel back to normal within 24-48 hours. Some people feel tired for up to a week.

If you went home the same day:

— Someone must drive you home and stay with you for the first night

— Rest for the remainder of the day

— Start painkillers before the local anaesthetic wears off (you will be told when)

— Keep your discharge sheet somewhere visible — it has your surgeon's after-hours contact number

— If you feel unwell overnight and are unsure, call the hospital or your surgeon's rooms — they expect post-op calls

You might also like

🏥 Post-surgery recovery? For detailed recovery tracking, daily symptom checks, and wound photo journals: Postopcare.info →
From our network · free
Postopcare.info — free day-by-day recovery guides →
A personalised, day-by-day recovery guide for major operations (knee & hip replacement, C-section, heart bypass and more), with wound-check, pain-by-week and DVT-risk tools. Free, no login. Always follow your own surgical team's instructions.